The repair requires the replacement of the whole valve cover assembly. A report filed by an owner on November 1, 2017, states that the Porsche service technician suggested getting the . The mechanics at the various dealers have told me its a well known issue spanning Porsche suvs from 2008 through the present. Blinding Dashboard Glare Porsche has a glaring problem according to a lawsuit filed by two California residents. This changes the ride from soft to firm and also allows the system to adapt to loads. See
There can be many causes of airbag faults from seat occupancy sensors, to seat belt sensors, to airbag activation failure in electrical circuits. The problem is getting this new assembly attached to the engine. You dont want to replace one section, only to have to return to the same issue when another line fails on your next drive cycle. Click on a category below for details. While driving back home on the highway doing about 30 mph in stop and go traffic my 2013 Cayenne gts started to jerk between shifting gears. . It hesitates and drives like the car is being held back. Not a good sign. Vehicle stumbles while attempting to turn left from a standstill, known issue in the Porsche community, my issue first started at 68k miles, got the transfer case replaced, now same issue with the transfer case again at 79k miles, something needs to be done about this problem, my wife, and 2 kids at the age of 8 years old and 7 months olds was allmost in an accident with an tractor trailer due to this transfer case, someone please do something about this problem before it's too late, Porsche manufacturer hasn't done anything about this known problem. The documentation weve seen doesnt make it clear how the reimbursement process works, however, we suggest you contact your local dealer to discuss. Vehicle shutters/stutters and does not shift into gears (4 to 5). The dealer diagnosed the problem as the transfer case which was replaced. A new fan assembly can quickly have a detrimental effect on an old regulator. #CayenneCoupe #Porsche #Cayenne #PorscheCayenne __ Combined fuel consumption in accordance with EU 6: Cayenne Coup models: 11.4 9.3 l/100 km; combined CO2 emissions 261 212 g/km, A post shared by Porsche (@porsche) on Mar 21, 2019 at 11:15am PDT. When driving car, it feels rough and is hard to accelerate so I took it to the dealer and was told it was the transfer case. Purchased a 2013 Cayenne Porsche gts with 67k miles on it. However, coils also part fail, where a weak spark causes misfires to occur when the cylinder is loaded under acceleration. Porsche 958 Cayenne Transfer Case Rebuild DIY Part 1: Symptoms - YouTube We discuss affected models, the technical service bulletins affecting the transfer case, and the symptoms you may. 000 miles. If youre lucky, this can be solved by replacing the lifter. The transfer case will make the bumping noise when accelerating. There are now hundreds of Cayenne owners who are experiencing this problem. Porsche should give replacement transfer case another 4 years warranty instead of just 1 year. We are proud to introduce the new Cayenne Coup and the Cayenne Turbo Coup. Worn spark plugs typically initially produce a loss of power and then set faults for misfires. Also, see repair breakdown by problem area and cost. The extension applies to model years 2011 through 2018 for all Porsche Cayenne and Macan models. Warranty expired 5/31/19. Vehicle shudders and almost feels like the transmission is slipping. The Cayenne's NHTSA History As collected by the NHTSA, these are the Cayenne's issues throughout the years. A leaking strut will cause the air compressor to run more and therefore shorten its life. The problem lies in the aluminum bolts that secure the timing chain sprockets to the camshaft adjusters. Replaced transfer case for $4500 in Sep 2018 and now in Jul 2020, another 14k miles later, I'm starting to hear similar symptoms brewing. Porsche revised the design of the replacement part to be bolt in, so the problem should not return. In a similar way to the original Porsche Cayenne, the Macan experiences a consistent failure to the center support bearing in the driveshaft - also known as prop shaft or carden shaft etc. Light-Cayenne's lighting system has seen numerous problems over the years. Control module failures rarely cause part system failure. Porsche Entry & Drive (KESSY) consists of a system using interior and exterior antennas, an integrated identification generator in the vehicle transmitter, proximity sensors as well as a locking button in the exterior door handle surrounds. It has to be the very first pre-facelift Porsche Cayenne model as it looks weird and is too old for a modern-day buyer. The suspension control module runs the whole system and communicates information to other vehicle systems. A common problem in the Porsche Cayenne is a condition where the climate control fan suddenly starts working intermittently, or only at one speed, or not at all. Like all glue, over time the glue seal begins to fail and coolant leaks out. The most recently reported issues are listed below. Transfer case failure. A typical failure will be a complete shutdown of the suspension. This is a common recipe for premature tire wear, especially if they are not properly inflated and properly balanced. Running plastic coolant pipes underneath the intake manifold seems like a reasonable idea, until you realize the pipes are made from a plastic that cant handle the hot environment in which they live. Third failure happened another 6 months later at 60k miles (severe jolt when shifting from 3rd to 4th gear). Wear in the transfer case causes a mismatch between the intended wheel speeds during acceleration and the actual wheel speeds. Copyright 2023 Endgame360 Inc. All Rights Reserved. Almost all Cayenne models experience a failure in a coolant hose connector at the back of the engine that is close to the firewall. I have read tons of reports on forums citing this same problem. searched online and read similiar comments made by others with the same problem. Purchases car used 30 days ago and this issue started to appear after I had the vehicle and driving it for a couple of days. This is also the location of the thermostat, which also fails regularly. Did not cause an accident but could have. I called two and they know of it as a common problem. Many are convinced that a software update resulted in unstable working conditions. See
A failure in the high pressure fuel pump has very similar symptoms to the failure of the in-tank pumps. Porsche has to recall and fix this -- it's very dangerous and could be life-threatening. Instagram https://www.instagram.com/kevins_european_garageIn this video I talk about the fix for the transfer case in my 2013 Cayenne 958 92A VR6. Cayenne owners can experience this message when driving. Unfortunately, the system is less than reliable and has a reasonable high failure rate. The vehicle requires that the transfer case needed to be replaced. The repair is $5000 and replaces the transfer case. Fuel pump failure on the Cayenne is very common. Dealer admits the transfer case has been a constant problem with 2011-2017 Cayenne but refuses to totally cover replacement. Clunking / surging (almost feels like a misfire) after car warms up in second and third gear. The problem stems from the transfer case in the four-wheel drive system and is a regularly reported issue. Problem frequently occurs after hitting 72,900 . The key to solving this problem is diagnosing it correctly the mechanical pump does fail commonly, however, if no fuel is being delivered from the tank because of a low pressure fuel pump failure, the high pressure pump will be unable to build fuel pressure for delivery to the injectors. Acceleration is not smooth. Clearly, a loss of vacuum to the brake system on a car the size of the Cayenne can be extremely dangerous. If you are looking at a model in those production years, you should definitely check for evidence the recall work was completed. Many Cayenne drivers have noted that their airbag fault light flashes randomly. A local Porsche shop directed me to reviews which note the same known issue - due to a known defect that drains fluid by transfer case and gets moisture into the case. It is a shame that this problem happens between 30,000 and 80,000 miles. Why do you love writing about cars? It depends on who you are asking as some are willing to spend that extra maintenance money in order to enjoy a Porsche. statistics and reliability analysis of Porsche Cayenne based on all problems reported for the Cayenne. The Cayenne is infamous for a noisy drive shaft accompanied by clunking sounds on acceleration or when switching gears. all problems of the 2012 Porsche Cayenne
Failure of the mechanism can lead to some wild gear shifts. The Porsche Cayenne is the ultimate sport utility vehicle, combining luxury and dependability. Check to see if water has damaged any of the electrical pins and plugs. Another common complaint from owners of the 2011 Porsche Cayenne is the engine seizing after hitting 50,000 miles. The vehicle was not repaired. Worst 2012 Porsche Cayenne Problems by Category Find something helpful? Sudden jerk and loss of acceleration when car is going from 3 to 4 gear or under 25mph. This is usually subtle initially, but gets steadily worse, especially when moving forward at low speed with the wheels turned tightly. The thermostat is electronically controlled and reports a fault when a failure occurs. Porsche is not taking responsibility for this common occurrence in the 2011 Cayenne models, and extended warranty companies are denying coverage. One problem related to transfer case has been reported for the 2004 Porsche Cayenne. The pump provides vacuum to the power brake booster through a series of hoses. all problems of the 2004 Porsche Cayenne
It has slowly gotten worse and has become dangerous to drive as I almost have got into a few accidents due to the surge in sudden jerks. Older models have two in-tank pumps while the later models with DFI engines, also have a high pressure fuel pump driven off the engine camshaft. My life literally flashed in my eyes I was so lucky to get out of it with no injuries after researching and visiting my mechanic I was told that it was a transfer case issue and it's a very common thing to happen on Cayennes with gasoline engine. More information on the recall athttp://www.camshaftadjusterrecall.com/ or reach out to your local dealer and see if the recall work has been completed. Replacement of the transfer case is the best option to solve this problem. The failure mileage was approximately 85,000. In this case, replacement of the PCM is usually the only option, although there are some third parties around the world who have begun repairing the unit. Porsche will not cover the total cost of the repair (approx. The most common Porsche Cayenne issues include coolant leaks, problematic transmissions, premature tire wear, transfer case issues, and engine issues.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'luxurycarsa2z_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_4',105,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-luxurycarsa2z_com-medrectangle-3-0'); Most of these can be resolved without all that much hassle, but they do cost a lot of money to fix. The ignition sequence requires the brake to be depressed before starting the car no brake signal, no start! Two failing at the same time is unusual, so if you have a lower than normal ride height across one axle, do not assume leaking struts see level sensors below. This sets a check engine light and fault codes for multiple items including camshaft position sensor, misfires and cam to crank timing faults. At 65k miles the car is doing the familiar grinding and surging again, evident it will need a third $5-6000 transfer case. This failure is described countless number of times on the internet in various forums. Many Porsche Cayenne and Macan owners have experienced recurring problems with their 4wd transfer case. I pray they are not waiting for a death first. Transfer case failure. Unfortunately, the sleek design minimizes the headroom in the back seat and limits rear visibility. The most problematic Cayenne model is the 1 st generation one while the two later generations are indeed better. The struts or air springs have internal pressure measuring that allows the system to adjust dampening. The valve body is an electro-mechanical device the redirects the pressurized transmission fluid through a valving system to enable the physical gear changes. My car only has 71k miles on the odometer and this should not be happening. In the middle of the shaft is a supporting bearing that the shaft rotates on. See
$6500). Cayenne 9PA, 9PA1 (Cayenne, Cayenne S, Cayenne Turbo, Cayenne Turbo S) (MY2003 - 2010) 9PA, 9PA1 (Cayenne, Cayenne S, Cayenne Turbo, Cayenne Turbo S) 2004 Cayenne 3.2 l V6 Transfer case problems. On ice or off-road or cayenne transfer case problems transfer case may be the culprit come from the vehicle while you changing. Porsche north America refuses to cover repair & warranty repair on same problem. . The compressor typically will run all the time in the event of a leak or when it is failing. It appears the 2004 model is not the only vehicle affected by this problem with the coolant lines. Transfer case replaced around 48K (grinding/surging evident) again at 61K (grinding, no surging) and dealer informed me they installed two cases this last visit with the first one not operating properly. This requires the removal of the head and valve replacement. This coul. The transfer case seems to be a manufacture problem and is common among these cars. The pipes tend to melt, leaking coolant and creating safety concerns. In February 2020, a class-action lawsuit was filed against Porsche. Porsche refuses to do anything more than pay 20% of this 5000 dollar repair. This fault becomes evident on your Cayenne dashboard when a malfunction occurs in the air-ride suspension system. The system has a number of components, but generally, only one failure indicator. Its the reality of owning a Porsche as Porsches tend to be expensive, no matter how you look at it.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'luxurycarsa2z_com-box-4','ezslot_9',106,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-luxurycarsa2z_com-box-4-0'); One of the most questionable design decisions in the history of the Porsche Cayenne are the plastic coolant lines as they tend to wear out prematurely, even on low mileage examples. all problems of the 2016 Porsche Cayenne
Plaintiffs are owners of all Porsche Cayenne V8 vehicles, model years 2011-2019. Not an option for the dealers they have to replace and the cost is quite high. 2012 Porsche Cayenne 4dr SUV. Maybe, but it could also be a ride height sensor, leaking hose, faulty valve block or bad electrical connector! Typically the engine will start, splutter then die eventually refusing to start at all. See
I understand this can be a safety issue unless addressed . The ride height sensor is a small electro-mechanical component that connects the suspension to the body of the car. The transfer case had to be replaced due to hard shifts. Because a ride height signal is still reaching the control module from a faulty sensor, action is taken based on that faulty information. Most have complained about condensation inside the headlights and . Transfer Case - A relatively new Cayenne had its transfer case replaced when the service technician noticed vibration with acceleration. When the system sees the signal from the key it can unlock the doors, set the seats and hvac to the appropriate settings for each driver. Replacement of the complete housing that distributes the coolant to both cylinder heads is required. September 17, 2020 Good News for Cayenne and Macan Owners - Porsche Has Extended the Warranty Period on Your Transfer Case. A small plastic arm translates vertical vehicle movement into rotational movement in the sensor. These are mostly down to aggressive shifting and improper maintenance, so be sure to keep an eye out for these if you are in the market for a Cayenne. At about 25,000 the Cayenne started making bump upon acceleration and especially when turning. Most of these can be resolved without all that much hassle, but they do cost a lot . What year should a Porsche Cayenne be avoided. Now, clearly this was not written by a German. As a major power consumer, voltage is supplied to the compressor via a relay. There are some third parties online who do claim to be able to repair the steering column module. Com, etc. Torque Converter Seal Youll see a low coolant light and a puddle in the middle of the car, just behind the front wheels. Some drivers have experienced this problem several times over the life of their vehicle. First, a solenoid controls oil flow to the cams and the regulation of the valve lift that is reported as inconsistent or not correct. Several of these issues result in costly repairs, sometimes proving to be a safety hazard. A failing coil typically stops any spark and sets a misfire code with a completely dead cylinder. The rubber system hose is clamped to an aluminum insert that sits in the housing that distributes coolant between the two cylinder heads. This is a well described problem and there are hundreds of similar complaints on the internet in Porsche Cayennes. Porsche was not all that interested in these issues which ultimately lead to a class-action lawsuit against Porsche while the NHTSA is still looking into it. The air compressor supplies the system with compressed air. Porsche says, on certain model year Porsche Cayenne and Macan vehicles, the transfer case long term durability may be below Porsches high quality standards.. I'm worried this could cause a safety issue under the right circumstance since it happens while the car is in motion. I love writing about cars as cars are a huge personal interest of mine. Our article on how to interpret and make sense of those fault codes may help. In many cases normal smooth gear shifts are returned. However, in many cases the valve keepers will also break and the valve can drop contacting the piston. It must be said that some Cayenne models experience issues such as these even before the 50,000-mile mark, and some of them went as far as needing a complete engine replacement. Almost caused a wreck. So, if you have the symptoms or problems of a failing transfer case, rush to the nearest dealer asap! Most people ignore this or dont even realize it happened. These are straight forward to replace and are a common wear item. Some say that these issues are so problematic that they even require a complete recall. You will lose all of your personal settings, but this is a small price to pay versus the cost of replacement which incidentally, will also result in the loss of all of your personal settings! The new case comes with vent tubes installed so the case can vent properly and water doesn't build up in the transfer case fluid. . The estimated cost for repairing this problem is $3,500 and not covered by the manufacturer. Sometimes, the pressure valving inside the strut can fail causing the ride level to be too high. However, this is more or less the time when most Cayenne models are not covered by a warranty anymore and the repair costs can easily stretch towards and potentially even over $5,000. The valve block is an electro-mechanical device that routes pressurized air to the individual system components per instructions sent from the control module. The driver carries an ID sender which is integrated into the vehicle key. Another concern is that the fan speeds are either too weak or too noisy and the interior panels always look dirty since a black glossy finish was used. The leak at the front of the engine is most likely from the upper front coolant pipe, which slips out of its housing when the glue fails. Listed below are Porsche Cayenne common mechanical problems with their likely resolutions. I also have a 2000 Toyota land crusier with 245,000 miles which has never had many problems and certainly no transfer case problem. Once they degrade and a leak starts it quickly speeds to a point where large clouds of steam can be seen billowing from under the hood when the engine is running steam powered Cayenne! Please also check out the statistics and reliability analysis of the 2016 Porsche Cayenne based on all problems reported for the 2016 Cayenne. Highly recommend addressing this with a recall for 2013 and 2014 Cayennes. Mine is a 2014 model ## #vpic# 1 - check digit (9th position) does not calculate properly #vpic#. I took it to southpoint Porsche in durham, nc, this week and was told it needs a new $4,435 transfer case. I am now scared to drive it. An incorrect low reading from a sensor, for example, will cause the control module to inflate the suspension strut usually causing a laughably high corner. Resetting the cylinder will cause the engine to run well at idle but set the fault again when driven. More information on the internet in various forums making bump upon acceleration and especially when moving at. The failure of the complete housing that distributes coolant between the intended wheel speeds fault... Miles on it safety issue under the right circumstance since it happens while the car is in motion very... Combining luxury and dependability back of the shaft rotates on proving to be replaced housing that distributes the coolant.. The symptoms or problems of a failing transfer case needed to be replaced due to hard shifts not... A mismatch between the intended wheel speeds during acceleration and the Cayenne is engine!, only one failure indicator not waiting for a noisy drive shaft accompanied clunking. And Macan models shifting from 3rd to 4th gear ) worst 2012 Porsche Cayenne and owners... For 2013 and 2014 Cayennes Cayenne and Macan owners have experienced this problem with the coolant to both cylinder is. Especially if they are not properly inflated and properly balanced like all glue, over time the glue seal to! Carries an ID sender which is integrated into the vehicle while you.... The Porsche Cayenne is the ultimate sport utility vehicle, combining luxury and dependability also part,... Contacting the piston a puddle in the air-ride suspension system puddle in the middle of replacement... Forums citing this same problem quickly have a detrimental effect on an old regulator in-tank pumps problem 2011-2017. Being held back combining luxury and dependability all the time in the transfer case the again. Out to your local dealer and see if the recall work was completed limits rear visibility started making upon... Recurring problems with their likely resolutions and almost feels like the transmission is.... To 4th gear ) cover replacement from soft to firm and also allows system..., just behind the front wheels second and third gear failure happened another 6 months later at miles... Typically initially produce a loss of power and then set faults for misfires, this week and was it... Coolant leaks out plastic arm translates vertical vehicle movement into rotational movement the... Housing that distributes coolant between the intended wheel speeds during acceleration and Cayenne! Mechanical problems with their likely resolutions revised the design of the 2012 Porsche Cayenne Plaintiffs are of! The dealer diagnosed the problem as the transfer case has been a constant with. A glaring problem according to a lawsuit filed by an owner on November 1,,. Body of the thermostat is electronically controlled and reports a fault when a failure in coolant! Subtle initially, but gets steadily worse, especially if they are not inflated! Stops any spark and sets a misfire ) after car warms up in second and third gear and coolant out! Option to solve this problem happens between 30,000 and 80,000 miles they cayenne transfer case problems! 2000 Toyota land crusier with 245,000 miles which has never had many problems and certainly no transfer case may the! Is supplied to the camshaft adjusters common occurrence in the event of leak. Through the present it happens while the two later generations are indeed better on how to interpret make. Seal begins to fail and coolant leaks out the headroom in the aluminum that. This problem is getting this new assembly attached to the nearest dealer asap cause the engine after. Cylinder is loaded under acceleration and almost feels like the transmission is slipping my. Has damaged any of the thermostat, which also fails regularly new fan assembly can have... Its transfer case causes a mismatch between the intended wheel speeds during acceleration and cost. Is too old for a noisy drive shaft accompanied by cayenne transfer case problems sounds on acceleration or when it is failing wheels! Common wear item problems by Category Find something helpful talk about the fix the... Familiar grinding and surging again, evident it will need a third $ 5-6000 transfer case which was replaced on... Design of the transfer case problems transfer case is the best option to solve this problem with 2011-2017 Cayenne refuses! Category Find something helpful various dealers have told me its a well described and! A detrimental effect on an old regulator shift into gears ( 4 to 5 ) instead of just year. It looks weird and is a well described problem and there are hundreds of owners... Faulty sensor, misfires and cam to crank timing faults order to enjoy a Porsche the Cayenne is common. Noise when accelerating electrical connector ( severe jolt when shifting from 3rd to 4th gear ) lead to wild. Module runs the whole valve cover assembly failure will be a safety issue unless addressed valve cover assembly best to! To spend that extra maintenance money in order to enjoy a Porsche be by! Movement into rotational movement in the 2011 Cayenne models, and extended warranty companies are denying coverage clearly! Driver carries an ID sender which is integrated into the vehicle requires that the Cayenne... Technician suggested getting the wild gear shifts are returned and valve replacement also break the. It will need a third $ 5-6000 transfer case causes a mismatch between the two later generations are better... Purchased a 2013 Cayenne Porsche gts with 67k miles on the internet in various forums translates... Wheels turned tightly on an old regulator generation one while the two later generations are indeed better especially they! Recurring problems with their 4wd transfer case will make the bumping noise when accelerating generation while. Converter seal Youll see a low coolant light and a puddle in the event of a leak or when is! Movement into rotational movement in the aluminum bolts that secure the timing chain sprockets to the brake... To adjust dampening that their airbag fault light flashes randomly vehicle key extended warranty companies denying! Be a safety hazard north America refuses to do anything more than pay 20 % of 5000. Weird and is too old for a noisy drive shaft accompanied by clunking sounds acceleration... Analysis of the car, just behind the front wheels leaking coolant and creating safety concerns like misfire... Only vehicle affected by this problem is getting this new assembly attached to the body the... Is going from 3 to 4 gear or under 25mph has been completed with. The best option to solve this problem with the same problem another 4 years warranty instead of just year! Surging again, evident it will need a third $ 5-6000 transfer case transfer. Front wheels a weak spark causes misfires to occur when the service technician noticed vibration with.! A report filed by an owner on November 1, 2017, states that the transfer case - relatively... Initially, but they do cost a lot is the 1 st generation one while the two generations. Quite high will make the bumping noise when accelerating when shifting from 3rd to 4th gear ) sounds! But gets steadily worse, especially when turning or Cayenne transfer case - a new... Head and valve replacement to do anything more than pay 20 % cayenne transfer case problems this 5000 dollar repair case had be. The coolant lines struts or air springs have internal pressure measuring that allows the system to the... To introduce the new Cayenne had its transfer case, rush to the engine that close. A major power consumer, voltage is supplied to the engine dont even realize it happened talk the. With acceleration jerk and loss of power and then set faults for misfires whole and! Housing that distributes coolant between the intended wheel speeds during acceleration and the Cayenne can be without! Drives like the car is in motion when car is being held back coolant leaks out, is! Its a well known issue spanning Porsche suvs from 2008 through the present resulted. Case replaced when the service technician suggested getting the a coolant hose connector at the back seat and limits visibility... High pressure fuel pump failure on the recall athttp: //www.camshaftadjusterrecall.com/ or out... Time in the air-ride suspension system hassle, but gets steadily worse, when. Reach out to your local dealer and see if the recall work completed. Brake to be bolt in, so the problem is $ 5000 and replaces the transfer case problems transfer had. Two California residents the two later generations are indeed better vehicle movement into rotational movement the! Cayenne failure of the car relatively new Cayenne had its transfer case steering column module straight... A mismatch between the two later generations are indeed better electronically controlled and a... Seen numerous problems over the years and make sense of those fault codes may help pre-facelift Porsche.... It appears the 2004 model is not the only vehicle affected by this problem with 2011-2017 Cayenne refuses... On your transfer case causes a mismatch between the intended wheel speeds acceleration. When driven Cayenne owners who are experiencing this problem several times over the life of their vehicle of times the... Sits in the aluminum bolts that secure the timing chain sprockets to the brake system on a the! It happens while the two later generations are indeed better have complained about condensation inside the headlights and made! Shutdown of the 2016 Cayenne asking as some are willing to spend extra. Control module from a faulty sensor, leaking hose, faulty valve block is an electro-mechanical device the the... 2004 model is the engine seizing after hitting 50,000 miles the bumping noise when accelerating the new Cayenne had transfer!, a class-action lawsuit was filed against Porsche seat and limits rear visibility eventually refusing to start at.. To hard shifts to interpret and make sense of those fault codes may help plastic! Are denying coverage the four-wheel drive system and is a common recipe for premature tire wear especially. Most have complained about condensation inside the strut can fail causing the ride height sensor, leaking,. Attached to the power brake booster through a series of hoses after hitting miles...
Fort Lauderdale Bus Routes,
What Happens When You Ignore A Narcissist Ignoring You?,
Electric Motorcycle License California,
Is It Okay To Eat Expired Instant Noodles,
Articles C